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<title><string language="fre"><![CDATA[Attrition and (incomplete) acquisition of Italian answering strategies / Irene Caloi]]></string></title>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Attrition and (incomplete) acquisition of Italian answering strategies / Irene Caloi, in colloque "Bilingualism vs. monolingualism: a new perspective on limitations to L2 acquisition" organisé par lelaboratoire Octogone-Lordat (Université Toulouse 2) sous la responsabilité de Barbara Köpke (UT2J), Holger Hopp 
(Technische Universität Braunschweig), Tanja Kupisch (Universität 
Konstanz), Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, 19-20 juin 2017.
We compare
speaker undergoing L1 attrition (AT; L1: Italian;
L2: German) and heritage
speakers (HE; heritage language: Italian; majority language: German) in order
to analyse how different forms of multilingual knowledge shape syntactic
phenomena that are the reflex of discourse related conditions, at the
syntax-discourse interface. One such reflex is the word order necessary to
express a given discourse content, such as New Information Subjects (NIS) in answers to questions that
prompt the identification of the clause subject. Belletti (2007)
showed that Italian
answers to these questions display
the word order VS,
thereby realizing the NIS in the immediate
vP periphery (1); in contrast, German keeps the SV
order and focalizes the NIS prosodically (2):
(1)  Chi è arrivato? / È arrivato Gianni
     Who is arrived / is arrived Gianni
(2)  Wer ist angekommen? / Ján ist angekommen
      who is arrived / Jan is arrived
The
structure is investigated in Italian through a production task consisting of 22
videos which trigger NISs answers through 40 questions (20 transitives, 10
unergatives, 4 unaccusatives, 6 existential structures).
Data
reveal that multilingual proficiency determines an increased variety of adopted
answering strategies. AT and HE perform alike but crucially differently from
Italian native speakers (MonoL1); they match the performance of MonoL1 speakers
only on existential structures, for which both Italian and German display VS
structures. 
AT speakers show attrition in the form of a less consistent use
of VS structures with respect to MonoL1.
AT speakers produce alternative strategies: German-like SV structures with transitives (31.1%), unergatives
(25.9%), and unaccusatives (31.4%); copular (be) structures with transitives (4.2%) and unergatives (6.9%); and
passives with transitive verbs (17.7%).
HE
speakers produce the native-like VS structure more successfully with
unergatives (53.9%) and unaccusatives (62.0%) than with transitives (40.2%).
Transfer of SV structures from German is preferred in transitive structures
(52.6%), in combination with post-verbal lexical objects, otherwise realized
as clitics in VS structures. This suggests that the presence
of the lexical object plays a crucial
role.
Results reveal that NISs undergo
attrition (in AT) or incomplete acquisition (in HE), thus identifying a new domain
in which phenomena at the syntax-discourse interface are shaped
by multilingual proficiency, similarly
to what has been discussed
by Sorace (2004)
and by Belletti, Bennati & Sorace (2007) in the study of different
multilingual populations of L2 near-native speakers of Italian.]]></string></description>
<keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[bilinguisme]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[perte de la langue]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[italien (langue)]]></string></keyword>
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NOTE:Irene Caloi&nbsp; enseigne l'italien à l'Institut für Romanische Sprachen und Literaturenau au sein du Goethe Universität de Frankfurt am Main (Allemagne). 
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