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<title><string language="fre"><![CDATA[Age-related effects on language control and executive control: a behavioral-electrophysiological investigation / Émilie Massa]]></string></title>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Age-related effects on language control and executive control: a behavioral-electrophysiological investigation / Émilie Massa, in colloque "Bilingualism vs. monolingualism: a new perspective on limitations to L2 acquisition" organisé par ?le laboratoire Octogone-Lordat (Université Toulouse 2) sous la responsabilité de Barbara Köpke (UT2J), Holger Hopp 
(Technische Universität Braunschweig), Tanja Kupisch (Universität 
Konstanz), Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, 19-20 juin 2017.
Previous
studies have found a bilingual advantage in non-linguistic executive control
tasks for children, young adults and to a lesser extent for older adults
(Bialystok, Craik, &amp; Luk, 2008; Calabria, Branzi, Marne, Hernandez, &amp;
Costa, 2015; Hernández, Costa, Fuentes, Vivas, &amp; Sebastián-Gallés, 2010;
Kousaie &amp; Phillips, 2017) Recently, Paap &amp; Greenberg, (2013) have
questioned the reliability of these findings arguing that the reported
bilingual advantage was nonexistent or restricted to a limited number of
bilingual populations. A current key goal in the bilingual - monolingual
comparison field is to understand the conditions that promote the emergence of
differences between bilingual and monolingual during executive control.
Studying older bilinguals is an optimal opportunity to understand the impact of
an extensive practice on executive control as executive functions have been
shown to decline with increased age. The aim of the present study is twofold.
Firstly we will attempt to describe age- related changes in language control.
Secondly, we will investigate the age effect on both language control and
general-domain executive control in a monolingual control group in order to understand
the features of bilingual control age-related decline. To this end, we compared
young and older bilinguals and monolinguals in an Overt Picture Naming Task. 
The study included 64 participants, half of whom were dominant
bilinguals: 16 French-Italian young adults (mean age = 27), 16 French-Italian
older adults (mean age = 72.8) and their monolingual peers: 16 young adults
(mean age = 24,3) and 16 older adults (mean age= 71,2). Interestingly,
bilinguals and monolinguals performed the same task while adapted instructions
were used for each group: bilinguals switched between their languages and
monolinguals switched between different tasks conditions (picture naming vs spell only the first letter of each
picture). Both behavioral (response time) and event-related potentials witch
are more sensitive to detect group differences, were collected. Processing
differences regarding to mixing cost and
switch cost were studied between
young and older bilinguals and compared between young and older monolinguals.
Differences in monolingual groups were found on global switch cost and modulation of P200 component. Behavioral and
electrophysiological data show no age effect on global mixing cost and global switch
cost in bilinguals (regardless of dominance) suggesting a benefit of being
bilingual on age-related control decline.
?]]></string></description>
<keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[compétence de communication (linguistique)]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[internet et personnes âgées]]></string></keyword>
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NOTE:Émilie Massa est chercheure en contrat post-doctoral au sein du laboratoire Octogone-Lordat et chargée d’enseignement en sociolinguistique et psychologie cognitive au département de Sciences du Langage de l'Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès (France). Ses travaux de recherche portent principalement sur les aspects neuropsycholinguistiques de la gestion de plusieurs langues chez le locuteur bilingue et de l’impact du bilinguisme sur la cognition chez les adultes jeunes et âgés, les mécanismes qui sous-tendent le contrôle des langues et le contrôle exécutif. > Voir sa page personnelle (Octogone-Lordat). 
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