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<title><string language="fre"><![CDATA[[COLLOQUE] GENTREE Final Conference 27-31 January 2020 séance 29]]></string></title>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[GENTREE Final Conference :
Juan Pablo JARAMILLO-CORREA - UNAM Mexico City · Mexico
GENTREE Final Conference 'Genetics to the rescue - managing forests sustainably in a changing environment'
27-31 January 2020, Avignon, France
http://www.gentree-h2020.eu/
Juan Pablo JARAMILLO-CORREA - UNAM Mexico City · Mexico : Evaluating
the accuracy of genomic prediction for the management and
conservation of small secluded natural tree populations mall isolated populations are threatened by the action of inbreeding
and genetic drift, which may lead to the accumulation of (partially)
deleterious variants and compromise survival.
In forest trees, such effects can be counteracted by large seed
output over long periods of time, combined with strong selective
pressures against inbreds 
-(1). Such a drift-selection balance is
expected to maintain overly constant levels of genetic variation 
-(2),
and even facilitate local adaptation
-(3), particularly when selective
regimes are constant over time. However, under strong inbreeding
regimes, inbreeding depression posses a serious threat, and assisted
migration has been proposed to “genetically rescuing” such
populations, at the expense of outbreeding depression risks (i.e.
introducing maladapted individuals; 
-4). Genomic prediction models
(GPM) are built for small breeding populations submitted to strong
artificial selection in domesticated taxa. 
They aim predicting
phenotypic performance from genomic information, for ultimately
increasing genetic gain. 
When combined with genomic association
studies (GWAS), this methodology is expected to enhance genetic
improvement and reduce breeding cycle length (5). 
Whether this
approach can be extended for the management and conservation of
natural populations and guide assisted migration programs, is still a
pending question.
The rationale is that historically small
populations can be viewed as natural ‘mimics’ of breeding
populations in domestication programs, such that historical
recombination and selective regimes have produced non-random
genotype-phenotype associations, which can be integrated into GPMs.
We tested such possibility within natural populations of Sacred fir
(Abies religiosa; Pinaceae) in central Mexico, to study growth and
physiological traits in a multi-environment test-trial. We genotyped
over 200 naturally re-generated and introduced individuals for 2,286
single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), derived from genotyping by
sequencing.
These markers were used to develop GPMs for each trait.
After testing different training and validation datasets, and
determining the models’ predictive ability with randomization and
cross-validation techniques, the highest predictabilities (R2;
ranging between 0.3 and 0.45) were obtained for growth characters.
They were similar to those previously reported for forest trees
undergoing selective breeding (5, 6, 7). The best models were always
those built for natural saplings and used to predict the performance
of introduced individuals in the same environment.
Integrating
microenvironmental soil variability allowed detecting
genotype-phenotype interactions, which further increased
predictability. 
Our results open a promising avenue for implementing
GPMs in management and conservation programs of natural populations
(see also 8), particularly for non-model species with poorly
developed genomic resources. Such models should be particularly
useful for predicting the performance on introduced seedlings and
guiding assisted migration programs.]]></string></description>
<keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[climate change]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[avignon 2020]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[inrae]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[europe]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[grant agreement No 676876]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[forest genetic resources]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[FGR]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[tree species]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[GenTree]]></string></keyword>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[GENTREE Scientific Conference - Genetics to the rescue : managing forests sustainably in a changing world]]></string>
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nature - Botanique
Arbres, Arbustes, Plantes grimpantes]]></string>
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